What function does the "compiler" serve in coding?

The function of the compiler is to convert code written in a high-level programming language into machine code, which is the low-level code that can be understood and executed by a computer's hardware. This conversion is essential because high-level languages are designed for ease of use by programmers, using human-readable syntax, while machine code is tailored for efficient execution by the computer's processor.

This process involves a series of steps, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, optimization, and code generation. The result is an executable program that the machine can run directly. Therefore, the correct understanding of the compiler's role highlights its significance in bridging the gap between human logic expressed in programming languages and the machine's ability to perform tasks.

While other choices may touch upon relevant concepts in programming, none address the fundamental purpose of a compiler as directly and accurately as the correct answer does.