What is a "framework" in programming?

A "framework" in programming refers to a platform that provides foundational support for building applications. It serves as a set of tools, libraries, and conventions that streamline the development process. By offering a structured environment, frameworks allow developers to focus on writing the unique aspects of their applications rather than dealing with the repetitive boilerplate code or low-level details.

Frameworks often include pre-defined ways to connect different components of an application, handle common tasks like routing, managing databases, or user authentication. This can greatly enhance productivity and maintainability by ensuring that the development adheres to best practices and design patterns established by the framework's creators.

While there are various elements within software development, such as programming languages that define the syntax and semantics for writing code, or deployment tools that assist in delivering applications to users, these elements do not encompass the broader, foundational characteristics that a framework provides for application development. Thus, option C accurately captures the essence of what a framework signifies in the realm of programming.