Which of the following systems uses base16?

The correct answer is the Hexadecimal Number System, which is indeed based on base16. In the hexadecimal system, each digit represents a value from 0 to 15, utilizing the digits 0-9 to represent values zero through nine and the letters A-F to represent values ten through fifteen. This system is widely used in computing and digital electronics because it can represent large binary numbers in a more compact and human-readable form.

In contrast, the Binary Number System is based on base2, which includes only two digits, 0 and 1. The Decimal Number System operates on base10, comprising digits from 0 to 9, and is the most commonly used number system for everyday counting and calculations. The Octal Number System, on the other hand, is based on base8 and uses digits from 0 to 7. Each of these systems serves different purposes and uses a different base, which is why it is clear that hexadecimal is uniquely identified as base16.